Fig. 1:
Efficiency of space occupation - crown volume per invested drymass. Beech has a larger variability compared to spruce, but space occupation of spruce is 3 x more efficient in the sun crown compared to beech.
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Fig. 2:
Efficiency of resource gain - gained carbon per crown volume. Sun and shade branches are similarly efficient for both species, but spruce gains slightly more carbon in the sun crown, where light conditions were equal.
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Fig. 3:
Respiration efficiency - crown volume per respiration Spruce and beech are similarly efficient in the sun crown, but beech is more efficient in the shade than the spruce, having invested less nongreen biomass.
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Fig. 4:
Transpiration efficiency - crown volume per transpiration Whereas spruce and beech are similarly efficient in the sun crown, the beech shade branch is far more efficient in the shaded canopy.
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